CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551
CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551
CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551
CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551 CB10551
自动控制系统中起着非常重要的作用。所以,对PLC的正确选择是非常重要的。
面对众多生产厂家的各种类型PLC,它们各有优缺点,能够满足用户的各种需求,但在形态、组成、功能、网络、编程等方面各不相容,没有一个统一的标准,无法进行横向比较。下面提出在自动控制系统设计中对PLC选型的一些看法,可以在挑选PLC时作为参考。
可以通过以下几方面的比较,挑选到适合的产品。
一、工作量
这一点尤为重要。在自动控制系统设计之初,就应该对控制点数(数字量及模拟量)有一个准确的统计,这往往是选择PLC的首要条件,一般选择比控制点数多10%~30%的PLC。这有几方面的考虑:
1、可以弥补设计过程中遗漏的点;
2、能够保证在运行过程中个别点有故障时,可以有替代点;
3、将来增加点数的需要。
二、工作环境
工作环境是PLC工作的硬性指标。自控系统将人们从繁忙的工作和恶劣的环境中解脱出来,就要求自控系统能够适应复杂的环境,诸如温度、湿度、噪音、信号屏蔽、工作电压等,各款PLC不尽相同。一定要选择适应实际工作环境的产品。
三、通信网络
现在PLC已不是简单的现场控制,PLC远端通信已成为控制系统必须解决的问题,但各厂家制定的通信协议千差万别,兼容性差。在这一点上主要考虑以下方面:
1、同一厂家产品间的通信。各厂家都有自己的通信协议,并且不止一种。这在大、中型机上表现明显,而在小、微型机上不尽相同,一些厂家出于容量、价格、功能等方面考虑,往往没有或者有与其它协议不同,而且比较简单的通信。所以,在这方面主要考虑的是同一厂家不同类型PLC之间的通信;
2、不同厂家产品间的通信。若所进行的自动控制系统设计属于对已有的自控系统进行部分改造,而所选择的是与原系统不同的PLC,或者设计中需要2个或2个以上的PLC,而选用了不同厂家的产品,这就需考虑不同厂家产品之间的通信问题;
3、是否有利于将来。由于各厂家制定的通信协议各不相同,国际上也无统一标准,所以在PLC选型上受到很大限制。就要考虑影响面大、有发展的、功能完备、接近通用的通信协议。
四、编程
程序是整个自动控制系统的“心脏”,程序编制的好坏直接影响到整个自动控制系统的运作。编程器及编程软件有些厂家要求额外购买,并且价格不菲,这一点也需考虑在内。
1、编程方法
一种是使用厂家提供的专用编程器。也分各种规格型号,大型编程器功能完备,适合各型号PLC,价格高;小型编程器结构小巧,便于携带,价格低,但功能简单,适用性差;另一种是使用依托个人电脑应用平台的编程软件,现已被大多数生产厂家采用。各生产厂家由于各自的产品不同,往往只研制出适合于自己产品的编程软件,而编程软件的风格、界面、应用平台、灵活性、适应性、易于编程等都只有在用户亲自操作之后才能给予评价。
2、编程语言
编程语言最为复杂,多种多样,看似相同,但不通用。最常用的可以划分为以下5类编程语言:
(1)梯形图
这是PLC厂家采用最多的编程语言,最初是由继电器控制图演变过来的,比较简单,对离散控制和互锁逻辑最为有用;
(2)顺序功能图
它提供了总的结构,并与状态定位处理或机器控制应用相互协调;
(3)功能块图
它提供了一个有效的开发环境,并且特别适用于过程控制应用;
(4)结构化文本
这是一种类似用于计算机的编程语言,它适用于对复杂算法及数据处理;
(5)指令表
它为优化编码性能提供了一个环境,与汇编语言非常相似。
厂家提供的编程软件中一般包括一种或几种编程语言,如TE公司的XTEL编程软件可以使用梯形图(Ladder)、顺序功能图(Grafcet)、结构化文本(Literal)3 种编程语言;Siemens公司的Step7编程软件可以使用梯形图(Ladder)、指令表(STL)两种编程语言;Modicon公司的Modsoft编程软件只使用梯形图(984 梯形)一种编程语言,而另一个Concept编程软件可以使用5种编程语言,依次为梯形图(LD)、顺序功能图(SFC)、功能块图(FBD)、结构化文本(ST)、指令表(IL)。同一编程软件下的编程语言大多数可以互换,一般选择自己比较熟悉的编程语言。
3、存储器
PLC存储器是保存程序和数据的地方,分内制式和外插式两种,存储器容量在512~128M字节之间,一定要根据实际情况选取足够大的存储器,并且要求有一部分空余作为缓存。
PLC存储器按照类型可分随机存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦除只读存储器(EPROM)等。RAM可以任意读写,在掉电后程序只能保持一段时间,最适合于在自控系统调试时使用。ROM只能读不能写,程序是由厂家或开发商事先固化的,不能更改,即使失电也不丢失。EPROM与ROM只是EPROM通过特殊的方式(如紫外线)可以擦除再写,适合于应用在长时间工作而改动不大的系统中。
4、易于更改
PLC较继电器控制的另一个优势在于它可以根据实际需要任意更改控制结构(或控制过程),这就要求更改程序方便快捷。
5、是否有专用模块
部分生产厂家的PLC产品提供一些专用模块,如通信模块、PID控制模块、计数器模块、模拟输入/输出模块等。在软件上也提供了与此相对应的程序块,往往只是简单的输入一些参数就能实现,便于用户编程。
五、与监控系统的通信
1、人机对话操作台。这是监控系统的早期产品类型,是生产厂家专为自己的PLC产品设计的,最适合于点对点控制。结构简单,功能少,面板控制,操作较易,现仍然广泛地应用于现场控制系统中。其优点是在远端控制失效的时候,仍能很好地控制现场。
2、随着计算机的不断发展,依靠PC(包括工控机)的监控系统越来越多地应用在自控系统中,这种监控系统一种是PLC开发商专为自己的(或特定的)产品量身定做的;另一种是软件开发公司开发的适合大多数PLC产品的监控系统。前一种与PLC产品的相容性强,能够根据PLC产品的特点制定相应的控制方案,应该说仍以PLC为中心;后一种则抛开了PLC产品,注重计算机在图像、动画、声音、网络、数据等方面的优势,给二次开发人员提供了较宽松的开发条件,往往可以制作出优秀的监控系统,只要有相应的通信协议(目前已拥有了绝大多数生产厂家的通信协议),就可以与各种类型PLC相连,是当今自控系统首选。所以,在这方面应考虑所选的PLC与监控系统的通信方式是否可行。
六、可延性
这里包括三个方面含义:
1、产品寿命。大致可以保证所选择的PLC的使用年限,尽量购买生产日期较近的产品;
2、产品连续性。生产厂家对PLC产品的不断开发升级是否向下兼容,这决定是否有利于现系统对将来新增加功能的应用。
3、产品的更新周期。当某一种型号PLC(或PLC模块)被淘汰后,生产厂家是否能够保证有足够的备品(或备件)。这时应考虑选择当时比较新型的PLC。
七、售后服务与技术支持
1、选择好的公司产品;
2、选择信誉好的代理商;
3、是否有较强的售后服务与技术支持。
八、性价比
相对于自控系统性能的好坏优先于价格的选择。只是在前面几项比较接近,又不易选择时,才考虑价格因数,选择性价比比较高的产品。
在实际选型过程中,往往受到多方面的制约,不一定要考虑以上全部方面,但其中有些项是必须考虑的,而存在的问题也必须通过其它替代方式加以解决。
一般来说通过前5项的比较,已可确定2~3种产品,再考虑到后几项,便可选中较满意的PLC。随着科学技术的不断发展,PLC产品也一定会有一个统一的标准。那时,挑选PLC将不再是困难的事情
070-0031-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
314-0005-010 BAILEY CONTROLS
194841A41-13801F10 BAILEY CONTROLS
LT 480 ABB
740311CAAN2 BAILEY CONTROLS
663199A3 BAILEY CONTROLS
609902-T106 ABB
1945859A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
31D02598A01 BAILEY CONTROLS
5322732B2 BAILEY CONTROLS
72308-10 BENTLY NEVADA
BENTLY NEVADA
6614829E BAILEY CONTROLS
31000-16-10-00-225-03-02 BENTLY NEVADA
31D02546A01 BAILEY CONTROLS
6627090B1 BAILEY CONTROLS
19195-01-15-XX-00-01 BENTLY NEVADA
5473651G0003 BAILEY CONTROLS
125768-01 BENTLY NEVADA
72269-01 BENTLY NEVADA
5073-10 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 84030-01M BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72928-02R BENTLY NEVADA
31D02522A01 BAILEY CONTROLS
6623739A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 19343-01G BENTLY NEVADA
609912-T106 ABB
1944307A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
258186A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
354-008-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
6623817J1 BAILEY CONTROLS
745210AAAN2 BAILEY CONTROLS
075-0085-002 BAILEY CONTROLS
31D02350A01 BAILEY CONTROLS
KC 480 ABB
665542B1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72711-01-03-02-01-01-15 BENTLY NEVADA
72075-02 BENTLY NEVADA
31D01836A11 BAILEY CONTROLS
BY6X41A BAILEY CONTROLS
6620255A23 BAILEY CONTROLS
C41-05048 ABB
140471-02 BENTLY NEVADA
90040-14 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 78452-01 BENTLY NEVADA
21747-085-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72928-02M BENTLY NEVADA
72490-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72852-01-AV BENTLY NEVADA
258186C5 BAILEY CONTROLS
88286-01 BENTLY NEVADA
72635-02 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72852-01W BENTLY NEVADA
72236-01 BENTLY NEVADA
53731 BAILEY CONTROLS
RY2330X BAILEY CONTROLS
500600 BENTLY NEVADA
2155/00-02-03-00-01-11-00-00-00-00-00 BENTLY NEVADA
6631990F1 BAILEY CONTROLS
3300/61-05-01-00-00-00-00 BENTLY NEVADA
21747-040-00 BENTLY NEVADA
72645-XX-02-01-02-01-01-15-14 BENTLY NEVADA
6623695F2 BAILEY CONTROLS
PS2221 BAILEY CONTROLS
7531/30-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
31D02349A01 BAILEY CONTROLS
6615153A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
DT 680 ABB
BY2X30 BAILEY CONTROLS
6614711A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6626274A3 BAILEY CONTROLS
021-0113-006 BAILEY CONTROLS
80097-01C BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72915-01E BENTLY NEVADA
6624543G2 BAILEY CONTROLS
6631291A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
107540-01A BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72867-01 BENTLY NEVADA
6619998A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
610810-T104 ABB
89000-100-120-XX-01 BENTLY NEVADA
1612K15G708 BAILEY CONTROLS
771211AAAA1 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 86645-01 BENTLY NEVADA
4777B02G0003 BAILEY CONTROLS
CE-225-4101 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA40350-01A BENTLY NEVADA
29628-XX-01 BENTLY NEVADA
37506-A-05 BENTLY NEVADA
6613929A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
37241-01 BENTLY NEVADA
662944U3 BAILEY CONTROLS
057-A-0519-01 BAILEY CONTROLS
6632874A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 78472-01D BENTLY NEVADA
1945100-1 BAILEY CONTROLS
1612K17G700 BAILEY CONTROLS
6633171A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
72470-08-02-01-00-00-00-00-01-00-01-15 BENTLY NEVADA
6628835A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
7530/20-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
A-8598 BAILEY CONTROLS
BYKP2331 BAILEY CONTROLS
6637087D1 BAILEY CONTROLS
1945869A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
10QT01 ABB
3300/65-02-01-00-00-00-01 BENTLY NEVADA
17FA999-1200-381 CARRIER
78432-02N BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 123447-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 86635-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 77456-01E BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 37233 BENTLY NEVADA
PWB 72484 F BENTLY NEVADA
021-0113-204 BAILEY CONTROLS
771224AAAA1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72951-03-01-03-03 BENTLY NEVADA
RFD-4000 77-170 BAILEY CONTROLS
6613915A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
BYKP2331AX BAILEY CONTROLS
72708-01 BENTLY NEVADA
1962845A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
RZ343733 BAILEY CONTROLS
NI0X01 BAILEY CONTROLS
4777B02G0006 BAILEY CONTROLS
17FA999-1200-535 CARRIER
DT 602 ABB
6626806A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
ASCII BAILEY CONTROLS
3300/45-XX-XX-02-00 BENTLY NEVADA
31000-16-10-00-241-03-02 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 19343-01J BENTLY NEVADA
250056A3 BAILEY CONTROLS
7595/03-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
075-0024-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
72850-01-04-01-01-01-01-01-15 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 86655-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 105375-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72471 B AB BENTLY NEVADA
26313-02-04-03-05-05-03-15 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 37282 BENTLY NEVADA
D3624 ROCKWELL EDWARDS
BYBY6X41AX BAILEY CONTROLS
3300/16-05-01-02-00-00-00 BENTLY NEVADA
31D02279A11 BAILEY CONTROLS
539101ABAA1 BAILEY CONTROLS
77440-01W BENTLY NEVADA
6622582A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
31D70009A21 REV F BAILEY CONTROLS
771311AAAA1 BAILEY CONTROLS
851-29559-003 BAILEY CONTROLS
DT 603 ABB
PWA 103955-01 BENTLY NEVADA
LM307H BAILEY CONTROLS
272A7241P003 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 72752-01N BENTLY NEVADA
6625157L1 BAILEY CONTROLS
89418-01 BENTLY NEVADA
78422-01K BENTLY NEVADA
58878A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
5361B03G0002 BAILEY CONTROLS
72325-02 BENTLY NEVADA
PWB- 82501-01A BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72928 02R BENTLY NEVADA
079-0113-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
3300/35-04-02-02-00-00 BENTLY NEVADA
6623695F1 BAILEY CONTROLS
F3624 ROCKWELL EDWARDS
6615245A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72308-51-01 BENTLY NEVADA
35321-01-02-01-01-15 BENTLY NEVADA
50-565100AAA BAILEY CONTROLS
BYRP1211C BAILEY CONTROLS
7200 BENTLY NEVADA
6632003A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
057-A-0423-00 BAILEY CONTROLS
113945-001 BAILEY CONTROLS
30001-00-40-18-02 BENTLY NEVADA
202D6641 ABB
66200000 BAILEY CONTROLS
90120-02-52 BENTLY NEVADA
1945880A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
36855-01 BENTLY NEVADA
1947415A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
771311AAAAAZWAR BAILEY CONTROLS
79748-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72928-01H BENTLY NEVADA
DT 601 ABB
PWA 105401-02 BENTLY NEVADA
72497-01 BENTLY NEVADA
2C399146052 BAILEY CONTROLS
72200-01-01-01-01-01-11 BENTLY NEVADA
27490-0370-00 BENTLY NEVADA
6619855F1 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 81354-01J BENTLY NEVADA
330850-91-05 BENTLY NEVADA
AV122100 BAILEY CONTROLS
6624502M1 BAILEY CONTROLS
BYLK4211 BAILEY CONTROLS
F3626 ROCKWELL EDWARDS
72055-01E BENTLY NEVADA
1946973A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
113971-001 BAILEY CONTROLS
66300000 BAILEY CONTROLS
771111AAAA1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6627090B2 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 72704-01D BENTLY NEVADA
PM-14030K BENTLY NEVADA
134652-01 BENTLY NEVADA
72730-02-15-XX-XX-01 BENTLY NEVADA
8271B01G0002 BAILEY CONTROLS
50-550411EAAC1 BAILEY CONTROLS
4777B02G0004 BAILEY CONTROLS
021-0108-000 BAILEY CONTROLS
78599-30 BENTLY NEVADA
24713-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 78894-01A BENTLY NEVADA
6615249F1 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 72302-01-2 BENTLY NEVADA
3500/45 BENTLY NEVADA
6627052-1 BAILEY CONTROLS
BY6X41AX BAILEY CONTROLS
1946973A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
1944638A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72850-04-04-01-01-00-00-15 BENTLY NEVADA
72751-03-01-15-00-03-00102 BENTLY NEVADA
D96224F22 ROCKWELL EDWARDS
31000-16-10-00-225-03-02 BENTLY NEVADA
114244-001 BAILEY CONTROLS
713065BP22 BAILEY CONTROLS
4777B02G0008 BAILEY CONTROLS
6634256A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
057-A-0430-00 BAILEY CONTROLS
72852 BENTLY NEVADA
19195-02-15-XX-XX-01 BENTLY NEVADA
72928-01G BENTLY NEVADA
6634602A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
193195A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6624520P2C BAILEY CONTROLS
2157B01P0002 BAILEY CONTROLS
72992-52 BENTLY NEVADA
771325CABN2 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 103928-02 BENTLY NEVADA
72400-02-04-01-01-15 BENTLY NEVADA
1944362A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 79056-01-10 BENTLY NEVADA
1774SR ALLEN BRADLEY
6627053-1 BAILEY CONTROLS
78462-02G BENTLY NEVADA
6633460-A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
50DPF100-3-DVV FISCHER PORTER
PWA 72928-02G BENTLY NEVADA
330851-04-000-015-10-00-05 BENTLY NEVADA
6634002K1 BAILEY CONTROLS
AP22100C BAILEY CONTROLS
72872-01 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72852-01AD BENTLY NEVADA
6624200G1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6634623L1 BAILEY CONTROLS
771311AAAAZWAR BAILEY CONTROLS
1945848A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 72928-01J BENTLY NEVADA
258036A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
771325C4BN3 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 79063-01B BENTLY NEVADA
72201-01-04-01-01-01-15 BENTLY NEVADA
131178-01 BENTLY NEVADA
330851-0400151000 BENTLY NEVADA
6619132A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
1944605B1 BAILEY CONTROLS
30731811-1 HONEYWELL
6624501D1, 6624505E1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72851-04 BENTLY NEVADA
1612B04G0002 BAILEY CONTROLS
314-0005-020 BAILEY CONTROLS
72305-01 BENTLY NEVADA
79669-14 BENTLY NEVADA
KT1310 BAILEY CONTROLS
19047-02 BENTLY NEVADA
6633214-C1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6624125D1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72976B-M BENTLY NEVADA
72130-02 BENTLY NEVADA
6635499D1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72951-03-01-15-01 BENTLY NEVADA
1B725533092 BAILEY CONTROLS
1944538A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
89416-01 BENTLY NEVADA
129386-01 BENTLY NEVADA
5322670C1 BAILEY CONTROLS
FP50 BAILEY CONTROLS
72352-01Y BENTLY NEVADA
330854-080-24-05 BENTLY NEVADA
6614686A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72408-02 BENTLY NEVADA
2145B02G0002 BAILEY CONTROLS
1947309A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
258010A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
1612B05G0001 BAILEY CONTROLS
72880-01 BENTLY NEVADA
72870-04 BENTLY NEVADA
6624080M2 BAILEY CONTROLS
157-A-0517-01 BAILEY CONTROLS
6634156A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6633190-1 BAILEY CONTROLS
35321-01-02-01-01-01 BENTLY NEVADA
72875-01 BENTLY NEVADA
78432-02P BENTLY NEVADA
4777B01G0003 BAILEY CONTROLS
72981-J BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 72928-02H BENTLY NEVADA
78462-02L BENTLY NEVADA
72915-01E BENTLY NEVADA
2290160 BENTLY NEVADA
1944275A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6611278-1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6634154G1 BAILEY CONTROLS
1947023-1 554-2121 BAILEY CONTROLS
6617075D1 BAILEY CONTROLS
72078-02 BENTLY NEVADA
B231-501 GOULD
485L160ZCUP2ST10007QC1RHQB ROSEMOUNT
72132-01 BENTLY NEVADA
330930-060-00-00 BENTLY NEVADA
PWA 19189-02-01 BENTLY NEVADA
1944618-F1 BAILEY CONTROLS
21000-16-10-00065030 BENTLY NEVADA
51D00093A01 BAILEY CONTROLS
BC2521511 BAILEY CONTROLS
79813-01 BENTLY NEVADA
6625861A52 BAILEY CONTROLS
6633171-1 BAILEY CONTROLS
4777B02G0009 BAILEY CONTROLS
6624609L1 BAILEY CONTROLS
1055-01-10-21-31 ROSEMOUNT
72645-06-02-01-02-01-01-15-14 BENTLY NEVADA
3300 BENTLY NEVADA
72928-02H BENTLY NEVADA
1612B53G0002 BAILEY CONTROLS
PWA 79622-01 BENTLY NEVADA
6627396G1N-1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6635305A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
1945849A2 BAILEY CONTROLS
6631307B1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6634231A1 BAILEY CONTROLS
6675353A3 BAILEY CONTROLS
72951-01-01-13-13 BENTLY NEVADA
27490-1085-00 BENTLY NEVADA
49286-01 BENTLY NEVADA
330101-00-70-10-02-00 BENTLY NEVADA
72751-02-01-15-00-02-00060 BENTLY NEVADA
19048-05-30-10-02 BENTLY NEVADA
79700-01 BENTLY NEVADA
6623819G1 BAILEY CONTROLS
7170194C1 BAILEY CONTROLS
191958-E BENTLY NEVADA
29495-05 BENTLY NEVADA
1945849A1 BAILEY CONTROLS